{"id":5725,"date":"2024-10-10T11:39:49","date_gmt":"2024-10-10T11:39:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/guardna.wpenginepowered.com\/home-16-20-years\/teachers\/"},"modified":"2025-08-04T07:49:52","modified_gmt":"2025-08-04T07:49:52","slug":"laerarar","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/guardna-educ.com\/fao\/midnam\/laerarar\/","title":{"rendered":"L\u00e6rarar"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"5725\" class=\"elementor elementor-5725\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-14f23256 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"14f23256\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;shape_divider_top&quot;:&quot;waves&quot;,&quot;shape_divider_bottom&quot;:&quot;waves&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shape elementor-shape-top\" aria-hidden=\"true\" data-negative=\"false\">\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 100\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\">\n\t<path class=\"elementor-shape-fill\" d=\"M421.9,6.5c22.6-2.5,51.5,0.4,75.5,5.3c23.6,4.9,70.9,23.5,100.5,35.7c75.8,32.2,133.7,44.5,192.6,49.7\n\tc23.6,2.1,48.7,3.5,103.4-2.5c54.7-6,106.2-25.6,106.2-25.6V0H0v30.3c0,0,72,32.6,158.4,30.5c39.2-0.7,92.8-6.7,134-22.4\n\tc21.2-8.1,52.2-18.2,79.7-24.2C399.3,7.9,411.6,7.5,421.9,6.5z\"\/>\n<\/svg>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shape elementor-shape-bottom\" aria-hidden=\"true\" data-negative=\"false\">\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 100\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\">\n\t<path class=\"elementor-shape-fill\" d=\"M421.9,6.5c22.6-2.5,51.5,0.4,75.5,5.3c23.6,4.9,70.9,23.5,100.5,35.7c75.8,32.2,133.7,44.5,192.6,49.7\n\tc23.6,2.1,48.7,3.5,103.4-2.5c54.7-6,106.2-25.6,106.2-25.6V0H0v30.3c0,0,72,32.6,158.4,30.5c39.2-0.7,92.8-6.7,134-22.4\n\tc21.2-8.1,52.2-18.2,79.7-24.2C399.3,7.9,411.6,7.5,421.9,6.5z\"\/>\n<\/svg>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7c851fa6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7c851fa6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">L\u00e6raragu\u00ed\u00f0 til GUARDNA<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c1f5ca0 elementor-align-right elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"c1f5ca0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"#\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Download the Teacher's Guide<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f7d5e8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1f7d5e8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default elementor-inline-editing pen\" style=\"font-weight: var( --e-global-typography-primary-font-weight ); line-height: var( --e-global-typography-primary-line-height ); color: #00899b; font-size: var( --e-global-typography-primary-font-size );\" data-elementor-setting-key=\"title\" data-pen-placeholder=\"Type Here...\">Before you begin&#8230;<\/h1>\nBefore you begin using the GUARDNA Teacher\u2019s Guide, here are a few tips:\n<ul style=\"font-size: 22px; background-color: #ffffff;\">\n \t<li style=\"font-size: 22px;\">This guide includes the explanations needed to use the GUARDNA materials.<\/li>\n \t<li style=\"font-size: 22px;\">Words highlighted in <span style=\"color: #00899b;\">blue<\/span> are explained in the <a href=\"https:\/\/guardna-educ.com\/fao\/home-16-20-years\/glossary\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><u>Glossary section<\/u><\/a> at the end of this document.<\/li>\n \t<li style=\"font-size: 22px;\">Words or sentences highlighted in <u style=\"color: #00899b;\">blue and underlined<\/u> include a link to an internet site.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nWe would love to hear your opinion on the GUARDNA materials and the Teacher\u2019s Guide: was the material useful? What did you learn? What would you improve? Do you miss something? You can fill out the form for <a href=\"https:\/\/forms.gle\/9g5wrdD95U3FNCXi6\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><u>teachers<\/u><\/a>, and circulate the form for your <a href=\"https:\/\/forms.gle\/HkugjujQwcXd9KC87\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><u>students<\/u><\/a>. For any additional questions or comments, you can reach us at <a href=\"mailto:education@nammco.org\"><u>education@nammco.org<\/u><\/a> . We are waiting for your feedback!      \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e271f3a elementor-toc--minimized-on-desktop elementor-widget elementor-widget-table-of-contents\" data-id=\"e271f3a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;exclude_headings_by_selector&quot;:[],&quot;min_height&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:0,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;minimized_on&quot;:&quot;desktop&quot;,&quot;no_headings_message&quot;:&quot;No headings were found on this page.&quot;,&quot;headings_by_tags&quot;:[&quot;h2&quot;,&quot;h3&quot;,&quot;h4&quot;,&quot;h5&quot;,&quot;h6&quot;],&quot;marker_view&quot;:&quot;numbers&quot;,&quot;minimize_box&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;hierarchical_view&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;min_height_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;min_height_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"table-of-contents.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tContents\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__e271f3a\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-down\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M207.029 381.476L12.686 187.132c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941l22.667-22.667c9.357-9.357 24.522-9.375 33.901-.04L224 284.505l154.745-154.021c9.379-9.335 24.544-9.317 33.901.04l22.667 22.667c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941L240.971 381.476c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__e271f3a\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-chevron-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M240.971 130.524l194.343 194.343c9.373 9.373 9.373 24.569 0 33.941l-22.667 22.667c-9.357 9.357-24.522 9.375-33.901.04L224 227.495 69.255 381.516c-9.379 9.335-24.544 9.317-33.901-.04l-22.667-22.667c-9.373-9.373-9.373-24.569 0-33.941L207.03 130.525c9.372-9.373 24.568-9.373 33.941-.001z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__e271f3a\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin e-font-icon-svg e-eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\" viewBox=\"0 0 1000 1000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M500 975V858C696 858 858 696 858 500S696 142 500 142 142 304 142 500H25C25 237 238 25 500 25S975 237 975 500 763 975 500 975Z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c6b0307 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"c6b0307\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-127f4e6 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"127f4e6\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a1680ad elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"a1680ad\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Introduction to GUARDNA<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1b330b8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1b330b8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"MsoListParagraph\" style=\"margin-left: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; text-indent: 0cm; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2;\">This booklet serves the teacher to know how to use the GUARDNA educational materials in the classroom.<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">The GUARDNA materials consist of <a href=\"https:\/\/guardna-educ.com\/fao\/home-16-20-years\/activities\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><u>Activity Cards<\/u><\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/guardna-educ.com\/fao\/home-16-20-years\/information-cards\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><u>Information Cards<\/u><\/a>. We recommend using the activities as an entry point to explore the Information Cards. These are listed under the \u201cGUARDNA Cards\u201d section on each of the activities and are intended to complement the information provided in each activity. Additionally, Information cards such as Threat and Uses Cards can be used to promote discussions in the classroom as they offer suggestions for discussion. Species Cards feature a research topic that allows students to conduct their own research and present findings to the rest of the class.    <\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1b0894f e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"1b0894f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ff4de8e elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ff4de8e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">About this guide<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ce7be98 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"ce7be98\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A thriving North Atlantic is crucial for the Nordic region, providing oxygen, food, <a href=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dpopup%3Aopen%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6IjY4OSIsInRvZ2dsZSI6ZmFsc2V9\">resources<\/a>, and climate stability. However, in the recent decades <a href=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dpopup%3Aopen%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6Ijc4NSIsInRvZ2dsZSI6ZmFsc2V9\">human activities<\/a> and climate change have threatened our oceans. In this context, GUARDNA-Guardians of the North Atlantic aims to educate the Nordic youth (ages 7-20) about ocean <a href=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dpopup%3Aopen%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6IjM3MyIsInRvZ2dsZSI6ZmFsc2V9\">conservation<\/a> and contribute to their empowerment as blue allies to contribute to the <a href=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dpopup%3Aopen%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6NzA3LCJ0b2dnbGUiOmZhbHNlfQ%3D%3D\">sustainable use<\/a> of the marine <a href=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dpopup%3Aopen%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6IjgwNCIsInRvZ2dsZSI6ZmFsc2V9\">environment<\/a>. For this purpose, GUARDNA uses marine mammals as iconic ambassadors of the ocean.   <\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This project aims at creating educational materials, including information cards, hands-on activities, and opportunities for engagement in real-world research, focused on marine mammals, threats they face, the uses, and users\u2019 roles and responsibilities. The goal is to engage students and raise awareness about the challenges that the broader marine <a href=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dpopup%3Aopen%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6IjQ0MSIsInRvZ2dsZSI6ZmFsc2V9\">ecosystem<\/a> undergoes and understand the different realities, and therefore solutions, across the region.  <\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fa352d4 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"fa352d4\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-217e955 elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--no-spacing elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"217e955\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;xMidYMid meet&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 126 26&#039; fill=&#039;black&#039; stroke=&#039;none&#039;%3E%3Cpath d=&#039;M3,10.2c2.6,0,2.6,2,2.6,3.2S4.4,16.5,3,16.5s-3-1.4-3-3.2S0.4,10.2,3,10.2z M18.8,10.2c1.7,0,3.2,1.4,3.2,3.2s-1.4,3.2-3.2,3.2c-1.7,0-3.2-1.4-3.2-3.2S17,10.2,18.8,10.2z M34.6,10.2c1.5,0,2.6,1.4,2.6,3.2s-0.5,3.2-1.9,3.2c-1.5,0-3.4-1.4-3.4-3.2S33.1,10.2,34.6,10.2z M50.5,10.2c1.7,0,3.2,1.4,3.2,3.2s-1.4,3.2-3.2,3.2c-1.7,0-3.3-0.9-3.3-2.6S48.7,10.2,50.5,10.2z M66.2,10.2c1.5,0,3.4,1.4,3.4,3.2s-1.9,3.2-3.4,3.2c-1.5,0-2.6-0.4-2.6-2.1S64.8,10.2,66.2,10.2z M82.2,10.2c1.7,0.8,2.6,1.4,2.6,3.2s-0.1,3.2-1.6,3.2c-1.5,0-3.7-1.4-3.7-3.2S80.5,9.4,82.2,10.2zM98.6,10.2c1.5,0,2.6,0.4,2.6,2.1s-1.2,4.2-2.6,4.2c-1.5,0-3.7-0.4-3.7-2.1S97.1,10.2,98.6,10.2z M113.4,10.2c1.2,0,2.2,0.9,2.2,3.2s-0.1,3.2-1.3,3.2s-3.1-1.4-3.1-3.2S112.2,10.2,113.4,10.2z&#039;\/%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;);\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d706bf0 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"d706bf0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-41def84 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"41def84\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5d424f9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5d424f9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Activity cards<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f99351c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f99351c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The <a href=\"https:\/\/guardna-educ.com\/fao\/home-16-20-years\/information-cards\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><u>Information Cards<\/u><\/a> are meant to be used in combination with a wide range of exercises and hands-on activities, both indoors and outdoors, suggested in the GUARDNA project. These activities are designed to be adaptable across various subjects within the school curriculum, such as natural sciences, mathematics, language lessons, and ethics. <\/p>\n\n<p>Some of these activities are also meant to be performed outdoors. These activities aim to promote the exploration and conservation of local marine <a href=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dpopup%3Aopen%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6IjQ0MSIsInRvZ2dsZSI6ZmFsc2V9\">ecosystems<\/a>, by actively engaging the students in their own coastal <a href=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dpopup%3Aopen%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6IjgwNCIsInRvZ2dsZSI6ZmFsc2V9\">environments<\/a> (e.g., learn about the local <a href=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dpopup%3Aopen%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6Ijc5NiIsInRvZ2dsZSI6ZmFsc2V9\">species<\/a> and how they interact with one another) and by encouraging different initiatives to promote environmentally responsible practices right in their own communities, either coastal or inlands. These activities will promote experimental learning and <a href=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dpopup%3Aopen%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6Nzg3LCJ0b2dnbGUiOmZhbHNlfQ%3D%3D\">interdisciplinary<\/a> connections, making ocean <a href=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dpopup%3Aopen%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6IjM3MyIsInRvZ2dsZSI6ZmFsc2V9\">conservation<\/a> relevant in multiple educational contexts.  <\/p>\n\n<p>Activities related to <a href=\"https:\/\/mintag-project.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><u>MINTAG<\/u><\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/nass.nammco.org\/2024\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><u>NASS24<\/u><\/a> allow students to participate in real-world high-profile research, fostering a strong connection to the study of the ocean and increasing the engagement in STEAM education.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-35130f2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"35130f2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-469a9b1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"469a9b1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">How to use activity cards<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-27d526a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"27d526a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tBelow is a step-by-step guide on how we recommend using the Activity Cards.\n<ul>\n \t<li>We recommend first to read through the Teacher\u2019s guide to understand how does the material work.<\/li>\n \t<li>Go to the <a href=\"https:\/\/guardna-educ.com\/fao\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><u>website<\/u><\/a> and open the desired activity under the <a href=\"https:\/\/guardna-educ.com\/fao\/home-16-20-years\/activities\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><u>Activities<\/u><\/a> tab<\/li>\n \t<li>All activities can be done either online or offline. On the website, the students will have all the necessary information for them to perform the activities with the teacher\u2019s instructions. Teachers can get such instructions by clicking on the \u201cDownload activity (Teachers)\u201d button. The teachers\u2019 version have answers and clarifications that are not on the students\u2019 versions nor in the activity\u2019s page. The document in the \u201cDownload activity (Students)\u201d includes the same information as the website and gives the students and teachers the opportunity to work offline. When giving the materials to students, make sure it is the correct document.     <\/li>\n<\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-447fde3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"447fde3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"768\" height=\"158\" src=\"https:\/\/guardna-educ.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/image-768x158.png\" class=\"attachment-medium_large size-medium_large wp-image-3265\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/guardna-educ.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/image-768x158.png 768w, https:\/\/guardna-educ.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/image-300x62.png 300w, https:\/\/guardna-educ.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/image-1024x211.png 1024w, https:\/\/guardna-educ.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/image.png 1151w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cde0820 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cde0820\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul>\n<li>We recommend reading through activity for Teachers to familiarise yourself with the material.<\/li>\n<li>All needed materials are listed in the \u201cMaterials\u201d section together with handouts needed to complete the activity.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0cbcbed elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"0cbcbed\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"287\" data-src=\"https:\/\/guardna-educ.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/image-2-300x287.png\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-3279 lazyload\" alt=\"\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/guardna-educ.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/image-2-300x287.png 300w, https:\/\/guardna-educ.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/image-2.png 539w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 300px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 300\/287;\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f032265 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f032265\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul>\n<li>Information cards that provide background information to complete the activity are listed under the \u201cGUARDNA Cards\u201d section<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2a8337e elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"2a8337e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"279\" data-src=\"https:\/\/guardna-educ.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/image-1-300x279.png\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium wp-image-3272 lazyload\" alt=\"\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/guardna-educ.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/image-1-300x279.png 300w, https:\/\/guardna-educ.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/image-1.png 541w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 300px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 300\/279;\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a3900d4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a3900d4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul>\n<li>Once you are familiar with the material, and deem the activity appropriate for your students, you can use the instructions on the website or print out PDF document for Students<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-db5156b e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"db5156b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8598103 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"8598103\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8b8143a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8b8143a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Information cards<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-97f42d3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"97f42d3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"MsoNormal\">These cards are designed for classroom use, delivering concise and accessible information about key aspects of ocean conservation and in particular, marine mammals. GUARDNA is centred around several sets of information cards related to marine mammal <a href=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dpopup%3Aopen%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6Ijc5NiIsInRvZ2dsZSI6ZmFsc2V9\">species<\/a>, threats, <a href=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dpopup%3Aopen%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6IjY5OCIsInRvZ2dsZSI6ZmFsc2V9\">stakeholders<\/a> and uses. They serve as valuable references to enhance students&#8217; understanding of marine <a href=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dpopup%3Aopen%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6IjQ0MSIsInRvZ2dsZSI6ZmFsc2V9\">ecosystems<\/a>, threats and users\u2019 needs and responsibilities.  <\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b999174 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b999174\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d28299f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d28299f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Species Cards<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b416e9b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b416e9b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Marine Mammal Cards contain information on marine mammals (<a href=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dpopup%3Aopen%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6IjM4MSIsInRvZ2dsZSI6ZmFsc2V9\">cetaceans<\/a> and <a href=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dpopup%3Aopen%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6IjM5MCIsInRvZ2dsZSI6ZmFsc2V9\">pinnipeds<\/a>) in the NAMMCO <a href=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dpopup%3Aopen%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6IjM4OCIsInRvZ2dsZSI6ZmFsc2V9\">management area<\/a>. These cards contain information collected by <a href=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dpopup%3Aopen%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6IjM4OSIsInRvZ2dsZSI6ZmFsc2V9\">NAMMCO<\/a> (check the <a href=\"https:\/\/nammco.no\/marine-mammals\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><u>NAMMCO website<\/u><\/a> for more details) on the biology and ecology of each <a href=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dpopup%3Aopen%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6Ijc5NiIsInRvZ2dsZSI6ZmFsc2V9\">species<\/a>, as well as their most updated <a href=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dpopup%3Aopen%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6IjM3NCIsInRvZ2dsZSI6ZmFsc2V9\">abundance estimates<\/a> in each of the <a href=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dpopup%3Aopen%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6IjM4OCIsInRvZ2dsZSI6ZmFsc2V9\">management area<\/a>. <\/p>\n<p>Some details to better understand the cards:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Regardless of the language of the cards, the cards also include the <a href=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dpopup%3Aopen%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6ODExLCJ0b2dnbGUiOmZhbHNlfQ%3D%3D\">scientific name<\/a> of each species as well as the common name of the species in the languages of the North Atlantic that will be covered by GUARDNA<\/li>\n<li>Adult length and weight: maximum length\/weight the species can reach, regardless of sex. Sometimes males and females differ in size, be it length or weight, and those differences can be significant. <\/li>\n<li>The <a href=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dpopup%3Aopen%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6NjY0LCJ0b2dnbGUiOmZhbHNlfQ%3D%3D\">IUCN<\/a> status can be checked in the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.iucnredlist.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><u>IUCN\u2019s Red List<\/u><\/a>. GUARDNA cards display European IUCN status. Sometimes, the global and European IUCN status is not the same, e.g., for some species, the global population may be least concern, while European population is vulnerable or endangered. That is because the state of populations varies throughout the distribution of the species.    <\/li>\n<li>Geographical names (e.g., NA, NEA, Subarctic, Arctic) are shown in a map at the end of this document (see section <em>Geographical terms<\/em>) for clarification. For some species, due to difficulty in surveying, there is no precise abundance estimates for specific region, so the abundance estimate is given on a global scale. This is generally the case of seals. In any of the cases it is indicated in the card where the abundance applies for.   <\/li>\n<li>The number of hunted\/caught animals is given as the average for 2019 to 2023 for the entire country. However, it is worth noting the existence of several management areas within the same country. The yearly numbers per management area can be found in the <a href=\"https:\/\/nammco.no\/marine-mammal-catch-database\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><u>Catch Database<\/u><\/a>.  <\/li>\n<li>At the end of the card, a research question is posed to the students. Using different species cards, teachers can encourage students to do the research and present the findings to the classmates. <\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6fa2b76 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"6fa2b76\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"531\" data-src=\"https:\/\/guardna-educ.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/species-card-1.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-3175 lazyload\" alt=\"\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/guardna-educ.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/species-card-1.png 814w, https:\/\/guardna-educ.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/species-card-1-300x199.png 300w, https:\/\/guardna-educ.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/species-card-1-768x509.png 768w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 800px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 800\/531;\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1fcfc83 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"1fcfc83\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-baeb18f elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"baeb18f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Stakeholder cards<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cfaf52d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cfaf52d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Stakeholder Cards describe the <a href=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dpopup%3Aopen%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6IjY5OCIsInRvZ2dsZSI6ZmFsc2V9\">stakeholders <\/a>using marine mammals in the North Atlantic.<\/p>\n<p>Some details to better understand the cards:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>The &#8216;Mapping the stakeholders&#8217; influence&#8217; positions <a href=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dpopup%3Aopen%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6IjY5OCIsInRvZ2dsZSI6ZmFsc2V9\">stakeholders<\/a> within a power-interest matrix, enabling the categorisation of each stakeholder&#8217;s influence on <a href=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dpopup%3Aopen%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6IjY0NSIsInRvZ2dsZSI6ZmFsc2V9\">decision-making<\/a> regarding marine mammal <a href=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dpopup%3Aopen%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6IjM2OSIsInRvZ2dsZSI6ZmFsc2V9\">management<\/a> in the North Atlantic. <a href=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dpopup%3Aopen%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6IjY5OCIsInRvZ2dsZSI6ZmFsc2V9\">Stakeholders<\/a> are placed on the grid according to their current level of influence. Teachers are encouraged to engage students in discussions on potential improvements to the power-interest matrix (e.g., should consumers have more power?) <\/li>\n<li>The number inside the brackets indicates a reference. <u>If you have downloaded the <\/u>information cards, the corresponding reference list can be found at the end of the Teacher\u2019s guide, both on the website and in the PDF document. <u>If you are using the online version of the information cards<\/u>, the reference list can be found at the end of the same page.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5551de4 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"5551de4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"542\" data-src=\"https:\/\/guardna-educ.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/stakeholders-card.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-2965 lazyload\" alt=\"\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/guardna-educ.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/stakeholders-card.png 806w, https:\/\/guardna-educ.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/stakeholders-card-300x203.png 300w, https:\/\/guardna-educ.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/stakeholders-card-768x520.png 768w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 800px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 800\/542;\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-82c4166 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"82c4166\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a43dce8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"a43dce8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Uses cards<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b4b2152 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b4b2152\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Since pre-historic times, <a href=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dpopup%3Aopen%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6Njk5LCJ0b2dnbGUiOmZhbHNlfQ%3D%3D\">stranded<\/a> or hunted marine mammals have represented <a href=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dpopup%3Aopen%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6IjY4OSIsInRvZ2dsZSI6ZmFsc2V9\">resources<\/a> for many coastal communities worldwide, both in terms of food and materials but also as artistic and spiritual inspiration. The Uses Cards describe the multiple facets of the marine mammal <a href=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dpopup%3Aopen%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6IjY4OSIsInRvZ2dsZSI6ZmFsc2V9\">resource<\/a>. <\/p>\n<p>Some details to better understand the cards:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>The number inside the brackets indicates a reference. <u>If you have downloaded the <\/u>information cards, the corresponding reference list can be found at the end of the Teacher\u2019s guide, both on the website and in the PDF document. <u>If you are using the online version of the information cards<\/u>, the reference list can be found at the end of the same page.<\/li>\n<li>At the end of the card, a discussion topic is presented. Teachers can encourage students to discuss such points. <\/li>\n<li>The QR code at the end of the card leads to the NAMMCO website where more information on the topic can be found.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-37afd04 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"37afd04\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"548\" data-src=\"https:\/\/guardna-educ.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/uses-card.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-2951 lazyload\" alt=\"\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/guardna-educ.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/uses-card.png 822w, https:\/\/guardna-educ.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/uses-card-300x205.png 300w, https:\/\/guardna-educ.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/uses-card-768x526.png 768w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 800px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 800\/548;\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b3a7627 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"b3a7627\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2435492 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2435492\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Threats cards<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5ff79b9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5ff79b9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The <a href=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dpopup%3Aopen%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6IjcwNSIsInRvZ2dsZSI6ZmFsc2V9\">sustainability <\/a>of <a href=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dpopup%3Aopen%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6Nzk3LCJ0b2dnbGUiOmZhbHNlfQ%3D%3D\">stocks<\/a>\/<a href=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dpopup%3Aopen%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6IjQyMyIsInRvZ2dsZSI6ZmFsc2V9\">populations<\/a> or <a href=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dpopup%3Aopen%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6Ijc5NiIsInRvZ2dsZSI6ZmFsc2V9\">species<\/a> is a fragile balance between their abundance, their geographical distribution and movement, and the direct (e.g., hunting, by-catch) and indirect (e.g., climate change) impacts of <a href=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dpopup%3Aopen%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6Ijc4NSIsInRvZ2dsZSI6ZmFsc2V9\">human activities<\/a>. It is important to note that a threat to an individual does not necessarily translate to a threat to the entire <a href=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dpopup%3Aopen%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6IjQyMyIsInRvZ2dsZSI6ZmFsc2V9\">population<\/a>; for instance, while hunting may endanger individual animals, responsible and sustainable hunting practices do not pose a threat to the <a href=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dpopup%3Aopen%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6IjQyMyIsInRvZ2dsZSI6ZmFsc2V9\">population<\/a> as a whole. <\/p>\n<p>The Threat Cards give an overview of the threats or challenges that marine mammals face in the North Atlantic and how easily can we mitigate them.<\/p>\n<p>Some details to better understand the cards:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>The coloured bar on the side of the first page indicates the ease or difficulty of mitigating and quantifying each threat, with red indicating a high degree of difficulty and green representing a lower degree of difficulty.<\/li>\n<li>The number inside the brackets indicates a reference. <u>If you have downloaded the <\/u>information cards, the corresponding reference list can be found at the end of the Teacher\u2019s guide, both on the website and in the PDF document. <u>If you are using the online version of the information cards<\/u>, the reference list can be found at the end of the same page.<\/li>\n<li>At the end of the card, a discussion topic is presented. Teachers can encourage students to discuss such points. <\/li>\n<li>The QR code at the end of the card leads to the NAMMCO website where more information on the topic can be found.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a8fb95a elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"a8fb95a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"523\" data-src=\"https:\/\/guardna-educ.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/threats-card.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-2944 lazyload\" alt=\"\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/guardna-educ.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/threats-card.png 848w, https:\/\/guardna-educ.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/threats-card-300x196.png 300w, https:\/\/guardna-educ.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/threats-card-768x502.png 768w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 800px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 800\/523;\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-76a9146 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"76a9146\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f91dea5 elementor-widget-divider--separator-type-pattern elementor-widget-divider--no-spacing elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"f91dea5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\" style=\"--divider-pattern-url: url(&quot;data:image\/svg+xml,%3Csvg xmlns=&#039;http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg&#039; preserveAspectRatio=&#039;xMidYMid meet&#039; overflow=&#039;visible&#039; height=&#039;100%&#039; viewBox=&#039;0 0 126 26&#039; fill=&#039;black&#039; stroke=&#039;none&#039;%3E%3Cpath d=&#039;M3,10.2c2.6,0,2.6,2,2.6,3.2S4.4,16.5,3,16.5s-3-1.4-3-3.2S0.4,10.2,3,10.2z M18.8,10.2c1.7,0,3.2,1.4,3.2,3.2s-1.4,3.2-3.2,3.2c-1.7,0-3.2-1.4-3.2-3.2S17,10.2,18.8,10.2z M34.6,10.2c1.5,0,2.6,1.4,2.6,3.2s-0.5,3.2-1.9,3.2c-1.5,0-3.4-1.4-3.4-3.2S33.1,10.2,34.6,10.2z M50.5,10.2c1.7,0,3.2,1.4,3.2,3.2s-1.4,3.2-3.2,3.2c-1.7,0-3.3-0.9-3.3-2.6S48.7,10.2,50.5,10.2z M66.2,10.2c1.5,0,3.4,1.4,3.4,3.2s-1.9,3.2-3.4,3.2c-1.5,0-2.6-0.4-2.6-2.1S64.8,10.2,66.2,10.2z M82.2,10.2c1.7,0.8,2.6,1.4,2.6,3.2s-0.1,3.2-1.6,3.2c-1.5,0-3.7-1.4-3.7-3.2S80.5,9.4,82.2,10.2zM98.6,10.2c1.5,0,2.6,0.4,2.6,2.1s-1.2,4.2-2.6,4.2c-1.5,0-3.7-0.4-3.7-2.1S97.1,10.2,98.6,10.2z M113.4,10.2c1.2,0,2.2,0.9,2.2,3.2s-0.1,3.2-1.3,3.2s-3.1-1.4-3.1-3.2S112.2,10.2,113.4,10.2z&#039;\/%3E%3C\/svg%3E&quot;);\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ce6db84 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"ce6db84\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c1e20b2 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c1e20b2\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6b1ffcc e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"6b1ffcc\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ec15728 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"ec15728\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Geographical terms<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-29cb055 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"29cb055\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tIn GUARDNA cards, numerous geographical terms are referenced. The map provided below serves as a guide, indicating these geographical terms as mentioned in the GUARDNA cards. It is important to note that the boundaries used here are not official and are only used for reference purposes.  \n\n<strong>Geographical definitions within GUARDNA:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n \t<li><strong>NAMMCO Area:<\/strong> This encompasses the marine Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) of the NAMMCO member countries.<\/li>\n \t<li><strong>Arctic:<\/strong> The delineation of the Arctic region is based on the boundaries established by the Conservation of Arctic Flora and Fauna (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.caff.is\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><u>CAFF<\/u><\/a>).<\/li>\n \t<li><strong>Subarctic:<\/strong> This boundary marks the region immediately south of the Arctic and north of the humid continental regions in the North Atlantic.<\/li>\n \t<li><strong>North Atlantic (NA):<\/strong> Encompasses the area stretching from the equator to the Fram Strait, situated between north Svalbard and north Greenland<\/li>\n \t<li><strong>North East Atlantic (NEA):<\/strong> Refers to the eastern portion of the North Atlantic.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2411fa5 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"2411fa5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"604\" data-src=\"https:\/\/guardna-educ.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Picture5-1024x773.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-93 lazyload\" alt=\"\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/guardna-educ.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Picture5-1024x773.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/guardna-educ.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Picture5-300x227.jpg 300w, https:\/\/guardna-educ.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Picture5-768x580.jpg 768w, https:\/\/guardna-educ.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/Picture5.jpg 1385w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 800px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 800\/604;\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e0da1eb e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"e0da1eb\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d27eadd e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d27eadd\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bdd8a36 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"bdd8a36\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e5ef8f8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"e5ef8f8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">References<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-750fd83 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"750fd83\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4>Threats<\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Bycatch and entanglement:<\/span><\/p>\n<p>[1] Read, A.J., Drinker, P., &amp; Northridge, S. (2006). Bycatch of Marine Mammals in U.S. and Global Fisheries. <em>Conservation Biology<\/em>, 20: 163-169. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1523-1739.2006.00338.x\"><u>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1523-1739.2006.00338.x<\/u><\/a> <\/p>\n<p>[2] International Whaling Commission. Conservation and Management &#8211; Entanglement of large whales.  <a href=\"https:\/\/iwc.int\/management-and-conservation\/entanglement\"><u>https:\/\/iwc.int\/management-and-conservation\/entanglement<\/u><\/a><\/p>\n<p>[3] ASCOBANS. (2020, September 4). Bycatch \u2013 Still a Major Cause of Small Cetacean Mortality.   <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ascobans.org\/en\/news\/bycatch-%E2%80%93-still-major-cause-small-cetacean-mortality\"><u>https:\/\/www.ascobans.org\/en\/news\/bycatch-%E2%80%93-still-major-cause-small-cetacean-mortality<\/u><\/a><\/p>\n<p>[4] NAMMCO. By-catch, entanglement and ship strike.  <a href=\"https:\/\/nammco.no\/by-catch-entanglement-and-ship-strike\/\"><u>https:\/\/nammco.no\/by-catch-entanglement-and-ship-strike\/<\/u><\/a><\/p>\n<p><u>Climate change:<\/u><\/p>\n<p>[1] Rantanen, M., Karpechko, A. Yu., Lipponen, A., Nordling, K., Hyv\u00e4rinen, O., Ruosteenoja, K., Vihma, T., &amp; Laaksonen, A. (2022). The Arctic has warmed nearly four times faster than the globe since 1979. <em>Communications Earth &amp; Environment<\/em>, 3(1), 168. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s43247-022-00498-3\"><u>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s43247-022-00498-3<\/u><\/a><\/p>\n<p>[2] Kovacs, K. M., Lydersen, C., Overland, J. E., &amp; Moore, S. E. (2011). Impacts of changing sea-ice conditions on Arctic marine mammals. <em>Marine Biodiversity<\/em>, 41(1), 181\u2013194. <a href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12526-010-0061-0\"><u>https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s12526-010-0061-0<\/u><\/a> <\/p>\n<p>[3] Duengen, D., Burkhardt, E., &amp; El-Gabbas, A. (2022). Fin whale (Balaenoptera physalus) distribution modeling on their Nordic and Barents Seas feeding grounds. <em>Marine Mammal Science<\/em>, 38(4), 1583\u20131608. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/mms.12943\"><u>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/mms.12943<\/u><\/a> <\/p>\n<p><u>D\u00e1lking<\/u><\/p>\n<p>[1] Jambeck, J. R., Geyer, R., Wilcox, C., Siegler, T. R., Perryman, M., Andrady, A., Narayan, R., &amp; Law, K. L. (2015). Plastic waste inputs from land into the ocean. <em>Science<\/em>, 347(6223), 768\u2013771. https:\/\/doi.org\/<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.1260352\"><u>10.1126\/science.1260352<\/u><\/a>  <\/p>\n<p>[2] Kosior, E., &amp; Crescenzi, I. (2020). Solutions to the plastic waste problem on land and in the oceans. In: T. M. Letcher (Ed.), <em>Plastic waste and recycling<\/em> (pp. 415\u2013446). Academic Press.    <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/B978-0-12-817880-5.00016-5\"><u>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/B978-0-12-817880-5.00016-5<\/u><\/a><\/p>\n<p>[3] James, N. A., &amp; Gro\u00dfe, A. (2023). Marine Mammals and Interactions with Debris in the Northeastern Atlantic Region: Synthesis and Recommendations for Monitoring and Research. In: Grimstad, S.M.F., Ottosen, L.M., James, N.A. (Eds.), <em>Marine Plastics: Innovative Solutions to Tackling Waste.<\/em> Springer, Cham. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-031-31058-4_1\"><u>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-031-31058-4_1<\/u><\/a>  <\/p>\n<p>[4] Jepson, P. D., &amp; Law, R. J. (2016). Persistent pollutants, persistent threats. <em>Science, 352(6292)<\/em>, 1388\u20131389. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.aaf9075\"><u>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.aaf9075<\/u><\/a> <\/p>\n<p>[5] Borrell, A. (1993). PCB and DDT in blubber of cetaceans from the northeastern north Atlantic. <em>Marine Pollution Bulletin, 26(3)<\/em>, 146\u2013151<em>.<\/em> &nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0025-326x(93)90125-4\"><u>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0025-326x(93)90125-4<\/u><\/a><\/p>\n<p>[6] International Whaling Commission (IWC). (2020). Report of the IWC Workshop on Marine Debris: The Way Forward, 3-5 December 2019, La Garriga, Catalonia, Spain. SC\/68B\/REP\/03. Available at <a href=\"https:\/\/archive.iwc.int\/pages\/view.php?ref=17025&amp;k=\"><u>https:\/\/archive.iwc.int\/pages\/view.php?ref=17025&amp;k=<\/u><\/a>    <\/p>\n<p>[7] Nelms, S. E., Barnett, J., Brownlow, A. et al. (2019). Microplastics in marine mammals stranded around the British coast: ubiquitous but transitory? <em>Scientific Reports<\/em>, 9, 1075. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-018-37428-3\"><u>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-018-37428-3<\/u><\/a> <\/p>\n<p>[8] Jepson, P. D., Deaville, R., Barber, J. L. et al. (2016). PCB pollution continues to impact populations of orcas and other dolphins in European waters. <em>Scientific Reports<\/em>, 6, 18573. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/srep18573p\"><u>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/srep18573p<\/u><\/a> <\/p>\n<p>[9] Murphy, S., Barber, J. L., Learmonth J. A. et al. (2015). Reproductive Failure in UK Harbour Porpoises <em>Phocoena phocoena<\/em>: Legacy of Pollutant Exposure? <em>PLoS ONE, 10(7)<\/em>, e0131085. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0131085\"><u>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0131085<\/u><\/a> <\/p>\n<p><u>Lj\u00f3\u00f0\u00f3r\u00f3gv<\/u><\/p>\n<p>[1] Huntington, H. P., Boyle, M., Flowers, G. E., Weatherly, J. W., Hamilton, L. C., Hinzman, L., &nbsp;Gerlach,&nbsp;C., Zulueta,&nbsp;R., Nicolson, C., Overpeck, J. (2007). The influence of human activity in the Arctic on climate and climate impacts. <em>Climatic change<\/em>, 82, 77-92. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10584-006-9162-y\"><u>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10584-006-9162-y<\/u><\/a> <\/p>\n<p>[2] Tervo, O. M., Blackwell, S. B., Garde, E., Hansen, R. G., Samson, A. L., Conrad, A. S., Heide-J\u00f8rgensen, M. P. (2023). Stuck in a corner: Anthropogenic noise threatens narwhals in their once pristine Arctic habitat. <em>Science Advances<\/em>, 9, eade0440.&nbsp; <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/sciadv.ade0440\"><u>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/sciadv.ade0440<\/u><\/a> <\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration-line: underline;\">Vei\u00f0a<\/span><\/p>\n<p>[1]<\/p>\n<p>[2] Rocha, R. C., Clapham, P. J., &amp; Ivashchenko, Y. V. (2014). Emptying the oceans: a summary of industrial whaling catches in the 20th century. &nbsp;<em>Marine Fisheries Review<\/em>,<span style=\"font-weight: bolder;\">&nbsp;76<\/span>(4), 37-48<em>.&nbsp;<\/em><a style=\"text-decoration-line: underline;\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7755\/MFR.76.4.3\"><u>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7755\/MFR.76.4.3<\/u><\/a><\/p><p><br><\/p>\n<h4>Uses<\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Clothes and artefacts<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Food:<\/span><\/p>\n<p>[1] Ziegler, F., Nilsson, K., Levermann, N., Dorph, M., Lyberth, B., Jessen, A.A., &amp; Desportes, G. (2021). Local Seal or Imported Meat? Sustainability Evaluation of Food Choices in Greenland, Based on Life Cycle Assessment. <em>Foods<\/em>, 10(6):1194. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/foods10061194\"><u>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/foods10061194<\/u><\/a>  <\/p>\n<p>[2] Shahidi, F., &amp; Synowiecki, J. (1996). Seal meat: A unique source of muscle food for health and nutrition. <em>Food Reviews International<\/em>, 12(3), 283\u2013302. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/87559129609541082\"><u>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/87559129609541082<\/u><\/a> <\/p>\n<p>[3] Geraci, J., &amp; Smith, T. (1979). Vitamin C in the Diet of Inuit Hunters From Holman, N.W.T. <em>Arctic<\/em>, &nbsp;<em>32<\/em>(2), 135-139. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14430\/arctic2611\"><u>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14430\/arctic2611<\/u><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration-line: underline;\">Recreation<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-align: var(--text-align); color: var( --e-global-color-text );\">[1] O\u2019Connor, S., Campbell, R., Cortez, H., &amp; Knowles, T. (2009).<\/span><em style=\"text-align: var(--text-align); color: var( --e-global-color-text );\">&nbsp;Whale Watching World<\/em><em style=\"text-align: var(--text-align); color: var( --e-global-color-text );\">wide: tourism numbers, expenditures and expanding economic benefits&nbsp;<\/em><span style=\"text-align: var(--text-align); color: var( --e-global-color-text );\">(Special report from the International Fund for Animal Welfare). Yarmouth, USA. &nbsp;<\/span><a style=\"background-color: #ffffff; text-align: var(--text-align);\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cms.int\/sites\/default\/files\/document\/BackgroundPaper_Aus_WhaleWatchingWorldwide_0.pdf\"><u>https:\/\/www.cms.int\/sites\/default\/files\/document\/BackgroundPaper_Aus_WhaleWatchingWorldwide_0.pdf<\/u><\/a><\/p>\n<p>[2] Marine Mammal Commission (n.d.).&nbsp;<em>The Value of Marine Mammals.<\/em>&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.mmc.gov\/priority-topics\/value-marine-mammals\/\"><u>https:\/\/www.mmc.gov\/priority-topics\/value-marine-mammals\/<\/u><\/a><\/p>\n<p>[3] Cottam, B. (2023).&nbsp;<em>Gone wild: is wildlife tourism out of control?<\/em>. Geographical. &nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/geographical.co.uk\/wildlife\/is-wildlife-tourism-out-of-control\"><u>https:\/\/geographical.co.uk\/wildlife\/is-wildlife-tourism-out-of-control<\/u><\/a><\/p>\n<p>[4] Jimenez, M. P., DeVille, N. V., Elliott, E. G., Schiff, J. E., Wilt, G. E., Hart, J. E., &amp; James, P. (2021). Associations between nature exposure and health: a review of the evidence. &nbsp;<em>International journal of environmental research and public health<\/em>,&nbsp;<span style=\"font-weight: bolder;\"><em>18<\/em><\/span>(9), 4790.&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph18094790\"><u>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph18094790<\/u><\/a><\/p>\n<p>[5] Vert, C. (2020).&nbsp;<em>Health Benefits of Blue Spaces During a Pandemic.<\/em>&nbsp;IS Global.<a href=\"https:\/\/www.isglobal.org\/en\/healthisglobal\/-\/custom-blog-portlet\/espacios-azules-beneficios-para-la-salud-en-tiempos-de-pandemia\/6008023\/0#:~:text=The%20findings%20showed%20that%20regular,mood%2C%20vitality%20and%20mental%20health.&amp;text=Benefits%20associated%20with%20mental%20health,health%20impacts%20of%20blue%20spaces\"><u>https:\/\/www.isglobal.org\/en\/healthisglobal\/-\/custom-blog-portlet\/espacios-azules-beneficios-para-la-salud-en-tiempos-de-pandemia\/6008023\/0#:~:text=The%20findings%20showed%20that%20regular,mood%2C%20vitality%20and%20mental%20health.&amp;text=Benefits%20associated%20with%20mental%20health,health%20impacts%20of%20blue%20spaces<\/u><\/a><\/p><p><br><\/p>\n<h4>Stakeholders<\/h4>\n<p><u>Consumers<\/u><\/p>\n<p>[1] Robards, M. D., &amp; Reeves, R. R. (2011). The global extent and character of marine mammal consumption by humans: 1970\u20132009. <em>Biological Conservation<\/em>, 144(12), 2770-2786. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.biocon.2011.07.034\"><u>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.biocon.2011.07.034<\/u><\/a> <\/p>\n<p>[2] Attitudes to Whaling: Norway 2019. A survey commissioned on behalf of: Animal Welfare Institute, Cetacean Society International, Humane Society International, NOAH: For Dyrs Rettigheter, OceanCare, Pro Wildlife, and WDC, Whale and Dolphin Conservation.  <a href=\"https:\/\/uk.whales.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2019\/10\/norway-whaling-whalemeat-attitudes-survey-2019.pdf\"><u>https:\/\/uk.whales.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2019\/10\/norway-whaling-whalemeat-attitudes-survey-2019.pdf<\/u><\/a><\/p>\n<p>[3] Egeland, G. M., Pacey, A., Cao, Z. &amp; Sobol, I. (2010). Food Insecurity among Inuit preschoolers: Nunavut Inuit Child Health Survey, 2007-2008. <em>Canadian Medical Association Journal<\/em>. 182(3): 243-248.   <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1503\/cmaj.091297\"><u>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1503\/cmaj.091297<\/u><\/a><\/p>\n<p>[4] Food and Agriculture Organization. The right to food.  <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fao.org\/right-to-food\/background\/en\/\"><u>https:\/\/www.fao.org\/right-to-food\/background\/en\/<\/u><\/a><\/p>\n<p>[5] Young-Powell, A. (2022, March 28). \u2018Meet us, don\u2019t eat us\u2019: Iceland turns from whale eaters to whale watchers. The Guardian.   <a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/environment\/2022\/mar\/28\/meet-us-dont-eat-us-how-iceland-is-turning-tourists-from-whale-eaters-to-whale-watchers\"><u>https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/environment\/2022\/mar\/28\/meet-us-dont-eat-us-how-iceland-is-turning-tourists-from-whale-eaters-to-whale-watchers<\/u><\/a><\/p>\n<p>[6] NAMMCO 2017. Marine Mammals: A multifaceted Resource. (Revised version from August 2021).   <a href=\"https:\/\/nammco.no\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/marine-mammals-a-multifaceted-resource_rev0821.pdf\"><u>https:\/\/nammco.no\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/marine-mammals-a-multifaceted-resource_rev0821.pdf<\/u><\/a><\/p>\n<p><u>Scientists<\/u><\/p>\n<p>NAMMCO. Scientific Committee.  <a href=\"https:\/\/nammco.no\/scientific-committee-of-nammco\/\"><u>https:\/\/nammco.no\/scientific-committee-of-nammco\/<\/u><\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>L\u00e6raragu\u00ed\u00f0 til GUARDNA Download the Teacher&#8217;s Guide Before you begin&#8230; Before you begin using the GUARDNA Teacher\u2019s Guide, here are a few tips: This guide includes the explanations needed to use the GUARDNA materials. Words highlighted in blue are explained in the Glossary section at the end of this document. Words or sentences highlighted in [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"parent":5289,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-5725","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"featured_image_src":null,"featured_image_src_square":null,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/guardna-educ.com\/fao\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5725","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/guardna-educ.com\/fao\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/guardna-educ.com\/fao\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guardna-educ.com\/fao\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guardna-educ.com\/fao\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5725"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/guardna-educ.com\/fao\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5725\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/guardna-educ.com\/fao\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5289"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/guardna-educ.com\/fao\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5725"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}